Tbilisi or Tiflis

(georgian თბილისი) the capital and largest city are Georgiens, in the southeast of the country, in the valley of the Kura (Mtkwari). The city extends extends terrassenförmig to both over a length of approximately 40 kilometers and covers also 12.5 square kilometers the large Iorist artificial lake (Tifliser sea), a popular local recreation area.

Satellite photograph with Google maps.

The market in Tbilisi covered in former times nearly the entire need of the Soviet Union at dte and Zitrusfrüchten. Tbilis is the economical and cultural center Georgiens. The city is surrounded by fruit and wine gardens.
The name of the city was derived from the Georgian word tbili („warmly”), since there is a hot schwefelhaltige source here, with which in former times Turkish baths was fed

In Tbilisi a third of the entire production achievement Georgiens is furnished approximately. To the most important restaurant industries belong machine, railway and aircraft construction, electrical and electronic industry as well as production of textiles, food, shoes, wood products, Glaswaren, porcelain and pharmaceutical goods. Likewise are also the production of wine, sparkling wine and liquor as well as the Druckgewerbe of importance.

Tbilisi is a very much meaning traffic junction. The city is terminator point of the Georgian army route, a passport road over the large Caucasus.
Also is Tbilisi gives it a station of the Transkaukasi railway, Transkaukas and the terminator point of the Transkaukasi Automagistrale. The city has also an international airport. For urban traffic an underground (1966 opened), the wire rope course to the mountain Mtazminda and several overhead conveyors are available

Townscape

There are some interesannte ruins in Tbilisi. The old part of town range of the city becomes of the ruins of a fortress from that 4. Century coined/shaped. The remnants of an ancient citadel and the cathedral from that 5. Century and point on a long and moved history of the city

In the east lies the eastern old part of town, which of close and steep lanes pulled through are. Worth seeing are here above all the Sionikathedrale and the Antschischati church. From the fortress Narikala are received only to ruins. The famous sources of sulfur, those on the names refer are also to the eastern side of the city. West the old part of town with the Metechi castle and the Metechi church, north beautiful klassizistische residential areas extends.

Tbilisi is the seat of the Katholikos Patriarchi of the Georgian-orthodox church.
Important educational facilities are the academy of the arts, the Academy of Sciences, the university, the technical university as well as nine further universities.
In the city there are some museums, worth mentioning is the museum of history to Georgiens, the Paliaschvili opera house, numerous theatres and it is the seat several film and TV-Studios.

History

The oldest settlement traces hand to in 4. Millenium v. Chr. back. The first mention Tbilisis was in 4. Century n. Chr.
In 6. Century became Tbilisi capital of the eastGeorgian Kingdom of Iberien. Above all the favorable traffic conditions at important trade routes between black sea and Kaspi sea, Transkaukasien, small and central Asia favoured the upswing of the commercial centre Tbilisi.
In the second half 7. Century Tbilisi was conquered by Arabs, from whose rule the city only 1122 was released from the Georgian king David IV. It made Tbilisi the capital of its united, Christian-Georgian realm and a flowering commercial town.

Of 13. to in 18. Century stood for Tbilisi under changing rule, under it Perser, Mongols, Seldschuken and Kaukasier. Emde 18. Century nearly the whole city was destroyed by the Persern. 1801 came Tbilisi at Russia and became Gouvernementhauptstadt, starting from 1845 residence of the governor of the Zaren in the Caucasus

From 1918 to 1921 the city was seat of the bolschewistischen government Georgiens, which was fallen 1921 by the Red Army. Thereupon 1921 Tbilisi became the capital of the again-created Georgian socialist Soviet republic (CSSR). Striking down a demonstration on 9 April 1989 by the Soviet military led to the detachment Georgiens of the Soviet Union and to the education of the independent State of Georgien, whose capital is since 1991 Tbilisi.